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Science B4
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the smallest basic unit? | Cells |
Who was the first person to describe cells? | Robert Hooke |
Who discovered single-celled organisms? (Including bacteria) | Anton Van Leeuwenhoek |
Who concluded that all plant parts are made of cells? | Matthias Schleiden |
Who concluded that all animal tissues are made of cells? | Theodor Schwann |
Who concluded that all cells come from existing cells? | Rudolf Virchow |
Why can a chicken egg grow so large? | Because it does not have to take in nutrients. |
What limits most cells to a very small size? | The surface area-to-volume ratio of the cell. |
How would you calculate the surface area-to-volume ratio? | Divide the total surface area of the cell by the cell's volume. |
What are the 3 parts of the cell theory? | 1.)All organisms are made of cells. 2.)The cell is the basic unit of all living things. 3.)All cells come from existing cells. |
What kind of cells have cell walls? | Plants and fungi |
What is the protective layer that covers a cells surface? | The cell membrane |
What is the fluid inside of a cell? | The cytoplasm |
What is the structure that preforms a specific function in the cells? | The organelle |
What is the genetic material that carries information needed to make new cells or organisms? | DNA |
What is the organelle that contains the DNA and has a role in growth,metabolism, and reproduction? | The nucleus |
What parts do all cells have in common? | Cell membrane,Organelles, cytoplasm and DNA |
What are the two basic kinds of cells? | Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes |
What are Prokaryotes? | Single-celled organisms that do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles |
What are the most common types of prokaryotes? | Eubacteria and Bacteria. |
What are ribosomes? | A cell organelle compised of RNA and protein. |
How do eubacteria and archaebacteria differ? | The ribosomes are different. |
What are 3 different types of archeabacteria? | Heat-loving, salt-loving, and methane making. |
How do eukaryotes compare in size to prokaryotes? | Eukaryotes are about 10 times larger! |
What does a eukaryotic cell have that a prokaryotic cell doesn't? | Cells with a nucleus. |
What type of cells are humans? Eukaryotes or Prokaryotes? | Eukaryote |
What does "MULTI-CELLULAR" mean? | Many cells |
What is the function of a cell wall? | To give support and protection to the cell. |
What are the cell walls of plants and algae made of? | Cellulose |
What are cell walls of fungi made of? | Chitin |
What is a cell membrane? | A protective layer that covers a cells surface. |
What are 3 types of compounds contained in the cell membrane? | Proteins, Lipdis, and fospholipdis. |
What 2 substances control the movement of materials in and out of the cell? | Proteins and lipdis. |
What is the web of proteins in the cytoplasm known as? | an organelle |
What are the two functions of the cytoskeleton? | It helps the cell move and keeps it from collapsing. |