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Chapter 13 Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Yangdi | Second member of Sui dynasty; murdered his father to gain throne; restored Confucian examination system; responsible for construction of Chinese canal system; assassinated in 618. |
Li Yuan | (566 - 635) Also known as Duke of Tang; minister for Yangdi took over empire following assassination of Yangdi; first emperor of Tang dynasty; took imperial title of Gaozu. |
Chang'an | Capital of Tang dynasty; populated of 2 million; larger than any other city in t he world at that time. |
Ministry of Rites | Administered examinations to students from Chinese government schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars. |
Jinshi | Title granted to students who passed the most difficult Chinese examination on all of Chinese literature; became immediate dignitaries and eligible for high office. |
Pure Land Buddhism | Emphasized salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddhism; popular among masses of Chinese society. |
Zen Buddhism | Known as Chan Buddhism in China; stressed meditation and the appreciation of natural and artistic beauty. |
Empress Wu | Tang ruler 690 - 705 CE in China; supported Buddhist establishment; tried to elevate Buddhism to state religion; had multistory statues of Buddha created. |
Wuzong | Chinese emperor of tang dynasty who openly persecuted Buddhism by destroying monasteries in 840s; reduced influence of Chinese Buddhism in favor of Confucian ideology. |
Xuanzong | Leading Chinese emperor of the Tang dynasty who reigned from 713 to 755, although he encouraged overexpansion. |
Yang Guifei | (719 - 756) Royal concubine during reign of Xuanzong; introduction of her relatives into royal administration led to revolt. |
Zhao Kuangyin | (r. 960 - 976) Founder of Song dynasty; originally a general following fall of Tang; took title of Taizu; failed to overcome northern Liao dynasty that remained independent. |
Liao Dynasty | Founded in 907 by nomadic Khitan peoples from Manchuria; maintained independence from Song dynasty in China. |
Khitans | Nomadic peoples of Manchuria; military superior to Song dynasty China but influenced by Chinese culture forced humiliating treaties on Song China in 11th century. |
Junks | Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads; sternpost, rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders; dominant force in Asian seas east of the Malayan Peninsula. |
Flying Money | Chinese credit instrument that provided credit vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of the voyage; reduced danger of robbery; early form of currency. |
Footbinding | Practice of Chinese society of mutilating women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household. |
Li Bo | (701 - 762) Most famous poet of the Tang era; blended images of the mundane world with philosophical muslings. The name is alternately spelled Li Po and Li Bai. |