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Meteorology
Eric Taylor Studystack
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Ozone | a form of oxygen produced when an electric spark or ultraviolet light is passed through air or oxygen |
Troposphere | the lowest layer of the atmosphere |
Stratosphere | the region of the upper atmosphere extending upward from the tropopause to about 30 miles |
Mesosphere | the region between the stratosphere and the thermosphere |
Thermosphere | the region of the upper atmosphere in which temperature increases continuously with altitude. Highest reigon of the atmosphere |
Conduction | the transfer of heat between two parts of a stationary system, caused by a temperature difference between the parts |
Convection | the transfer of heat by the circulation or movement of the heated parts of a liquid or gas. |
Radiation | the process in which energy is emitted as particles or waves. |
Reflection | he return of light, heat, sound, etc., after striking a surface. |
Scattering | the process in which a wave or beam of particles is diffused or deflected by collisions with particles of the medium that it traverses. |
Greenhouse Effect | atmospheric heating phenomenon, caused by short-wave solar radiation being transmitted inward through the earth's atmosphere - longer-wavelength heat radiation transmitted less outward by atmospheric carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane, and other gases. |
Albedo | the ratio of the light reflected by a planet or satellite to that received by it. |
Isotherms | a line on a weather map or chart connecting points having equal temperature |
Precipitation | falling products of condensation in the atmosphere, as rain, snow, or hail. |
Latent Heat | heat absorbed or radiated during a change of phase at constant temperature and pressure. |
Evaporation | to change from a liquid or solid state into vapor |
Condensation | the process by which atmospheric water vapor liquefies to form fog, clouds, or the like, or solidifies to form snow or hail. |
Sublimation | a purification or refinement; ennoblement. |
Humidity | moistness; dampness. |
Saturated | soaked, impregnated, or imbued thoroughly; charged thoroughly or completely; brought to a state of saturation. |
Dew Point | the temperature to which air must be cooled, at a given pressure and water-vapor content, for it to reach saturation; the temperature at which dew begins to form. |
Hydrometer/Psychrometer | an instrument for determining the specific gravity of a liquid, commonly consisting of a graduated tube weighted to float upright in the liquid whose specific gravity is being measured. |
Weather Front | ? |
Condensation Nuclei | a particle upon which condensation of water vapor occurs to form water drops or ice crystals. |
Cirrus | a cloud of a class characterized by thin white filaments or narrow bands and a composition of ice crystals |
Cumulus | a cloud of a class characterized by dense individual elements in the form of puffs, mounds, or towers, with flat bases and tops that often resemble cauliflower |
Stratus | a cloud of a class characterized by a gray, horizontal layer with a uniform base |
Supersaturated | o increase the concentration of (a solution) beyond saturation |
Air Pressure | the force exerted by air, whether compressed or unconfined, on any surface in contact with it |
Barometer | any instrument that measures atmospheric pressure |
Pressure Gradient | the change in atmospheric pressure per unit of horizontal distance in the direction in which pressure changes most rapidly. |
Coriolis Effect | the deflection of a body in motion with respect to the earth, as seen on the earth, attributed to a fictitious force but is caused by rotation of the earth and appearing as a deflection right in the N Hemisphere & a deflection left in the S Hemisphere. |
Jet Stream | strong, generally westerly winds concentrated in a relatively narrow and shallow stream in the upper troposphere of the earth. |
Cyclone | a large-scale, atmospheric wind-and-pressure system characterized by low pressure at its center and by circular wind motion, counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. |
Anti-Cyclone | a circulation of winds around a central region of high atmospheric pressure, clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. |
Trade Winds | any of the nearly constant easterly winds that dominate most of the tropics and subtropics throughout the world |
Westerlies | any semipermanent belt of westerly winds, especially those that prevail at latitudes lying between the tropical and polar regions of the earth. |
Polar Easterlies | a wind that blows from the east. |
Anemometer | any instrument for measuring the speed of wind. |
El NiƱo | a warm ocean current of variable intensity that develops after late December along the coast of Ecuador and Peru and sometimes causes catastrophic weather conditions. |
Air Mass | a body of air covering a relatively wide area, exhibiting approximately uniform properties through any horizontal section. |
Stationary Front | a front between warm and cold air masses that is moving very slowly or not at all. |
Occluded Front | a composite front formed when a cold front overtakes a warm front and forces it aloft |
Storm Surge | an abnormal rise in the level of the sea along a coast caused by the onshore winds of a severe cyclone. |