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brain functions

TermDefinition
Cerebellum Coordinates voluntary muscle movements; maintains posture and balance
Brainstem Relay center connecting cerebellum and cerebrum to the spinal cord; important for autonomic functions; includes: medulla oblongata, Pons, Midbrain, and Reticular Formation
Medulla oblongata Controls respiration- rate, rhythm, depth; controls heart rate; controls blood pressure; Reflexes of vomiting, coughing, sneezing, hiccupping, swallowing.
pons Relaying Sensory Information Between the Cerebrum and Cerebellum Involved in vision- highly active during dreams
Midbrain Relay station for auditory and visual information controls many important functions such as the visual and auditory systems as well as eye movement. Region affected by Parkinson's Disease
Diencephalon Portion of the brain consisting of the hypothalamus, thalamus, and epithalamus
Hypothalamus Master control of autonomic system; maintains homeostasis- hunger, thirst, sleep, wakefullness, body temperature, blood pressure, secretion of hormones from pituitary gland
Thalamus Central relay for all senses but smell; key role in pain, touch, and temperature sensation, as well as attention and alertness Also produces a general awareness of sensations such as touch, temperature and pressure
Pineal Gland Controls onset of puberty; long term cycles influenced by light and dark cycles- fur color and density in mammals; migration, feather color, and gonad development in birds.
Cerebrum Largest part of human brain; composed of the frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and Insula lobes.
Frontal Lobe Center for personality, behavior, emotions, judgement, problem solving, intelligence, self awareness
Broca's Area Located in the frontal lobe- functions in speech- speaking and writing
Motor Cortex Located in the frontal lobe- functions in initiating body movements
Parietal Lobe Associated with movement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli Interprets language, words; interprets signals from vision, hearing, motor, sensory, and memory centers
Somatosensory Cortex Located in parietal lobe- functions in sense of touch, pain, and temperature
Association Cortex (Cortices) Largest area proportionally in humans to all other animals; cognition
Occipital Lobe Interprets vision- color, light, movement
Temporal Lobe Center for memory, hearing, sequencing, and organization
Wernicke's Area Located in the temporal lobe- functions in understanding language
Reticular Formation Activates the cortex into a state of arousal Injury results in a comatose state General anesthetic drugs target this part of the brain
Created by: luzmarah
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