the mass of a gas that dissolves in a fluid at a given temp varies in direct proportion to the pressure of the gas over the liquid
2 factors that affect the rate of gas diffusion into a fluid:
1) the pressure differential between the gas above the fluid and the gas dissolved in the fluid2)the solubility of the gas
2 factors that impair gas transfer capacity at the pulmonary-capillary membrane in pulmonary disease:
1) buildup of a pollutant layer that thickens the alveolar membrane2) reduction in alveolar surface area
2 ways that blood carries oxygen:
1) in physical dilution dissolved in the fluid portion of blood2) loose combo with hemoglobin
cooperative binding
union of oxygen with hemoglobin
oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
illustrates the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen at various PO2 values
volume percent
blood's oxygen content
oxygen transport cascade
illustration that shows the oxygen partial pressure as oxygen moves from ambient air at sea level to the mitochondria of maximally active muscle tissue (pg. 284)
arteriovenous oxygen difference
difference in the oxygen content of arterial blood and mixed venous blood
Bohr effect
shifts in the dissociation curves of oxyhemoglobin due to any increase in plasma acidity and temp (curve shifts down and to the right...pg. 286)
3 ways that blood carries carbon dioxide:
1) in physical solution in plasma (small amount)2) combined with hemoglobin in red blood cells3) as plasma bicarbonate
carbonic anhydrase
a zinc-containing enzyme in the red blood cell that accelerates the union of CO2 and water (pg. 291)
chloride shift
increases the Cl content of erythrocytes in venous blood more than in arterial red blood cells
carbamino compounds
form when carbon dioxide reacts with amino acids in blood proteins
Haldane effect
interaction between oxygen loading and carbon dioxide release that facilitates carbon dioxide removal in lung (pg. 292)
BIOL3326 Forms
