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Skeletal System

Mr. G’s Skeletal System

QuestionAnswer
Skeletal system is made up of: Skeletal, Cartilage, Ligaments and Connective tissue to stabilize the skeleton
Function of the Skeletal System Support, Storage of Minerals, Blood Cell production, Leverage and Protection
Periosteum Outer lining of the bone. Actively participates in bone growth and repair and attaches the bone to the connective tissue network of the deep fascia.
Endosteum Inner lining of the bone. Lines the medullary cavity. Consists of osteoprogenitor cells. Actively involved in repair and growth
Two types of osseous tissue Compact Bone and Spongy bone
Compact Bone Compact bones are dense and solid. Forms the walls of bone outlining the medullary cavity.
Medullary cavity Consists of bone marrow
Spongy Bone Open network of plates located at the ends of bones. Creates the lightweight nature of bones.
Epiphysis Each end of the long bones or the top part of the bone
Diaphysis shaft of the long bones or shaft of the bone
Metaphysis narrow growth zone between the Epiphysis and the Diaphysis
Seven broad categories of bones Sutural bones, Irregular bones, Short bones, Pneumatized bones, Flat bones, Long bones and Sesamoid bones
Two sections of skeletal system axial skeleton (skull, spinal column, ribs and sternum ); appendicular (shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle and leg bones)
Skull and Facial bones cranium, mandible, maxilla, zygomatic, lacrimal, nasal, and palatine
Spinal column 7 cervical (neck) , 12 thoracic (chest ), 5 lumbar (lower back or waist) , 5 fused sacral bones (back of pelvic girdle), 4 fused coccyx bones (tailbone)
Chest 12 ribs, sternum (breastbone),
Shoulder girdle 2 clavicles (collarbones), two scapula (shoulder blade)
Arm humerus (upper arm) , radius, ulna (lower arm bones), carpals, metacarpals and phalangers (handbones)
Leg femur (thighbone), patella (kneecap), tibia and fibula (lower leg bones) tarsals (ankle), metatarsals (instep of the foot), phalanges (toe bones)
Pelvis Ileum, Ischium and Symphysis pubis
Arthritis A group of diseases involving inflammation of the joints. Two main types are osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid.
Bursitis Inflammation of the bursae, small, fluid filled sacs surrounding the joints.
Fractures crack or break in a bone
Dislocation Bone is forcibly displaced from a joint.
Sprain Twisting action resulting in the tearing of ligaments at a joint.
Osteomyelitis Bone inflammation usually caused by a pathogenic organism.
Osteoporosis Softening of the bones causing the bones to become porous, brittle and prone to fracture.
Ruptured Disk (herniated or slipped disk) Occurs when an intervertebral disk ruptures or protrudes out of place resulting in pressure on a spinal nerve.
Spinal curvatures abnormal curvatures of the spine and includes kyphosis (hunchback) , Scoliosis and Lordosis or swayback.
Created by: rotechams
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