Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or

show password
Forgot Password?

Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or

Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account.
Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.


Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Chemistry Review

QuestionAnswer
What does the atomic number of an element tell you about that element? number of protons (and usually electrons as long as it is a neutral atom)
How do you find the atomic mass? atomic mass = protons + neutrons
Majority of the mass of an element is found in the ___________. nucleus (this is why the atomic mass is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons)
The rows on the periodic table are called__________. periods
The columns on the periodic table are called __________. groups or families
What do the groups on a periodic table tell you about that element? Groups categorize elements that have similar properties. They also tell you how many electrons are found in the atom's outer shell (valence electrons).
What do the periods on a periodic table tell you about that element? The periods tell you how many electron shells are found in the element.
Majority of elements found on the periodic table are classified as _____________. metals (75%)
What charge do protons have? positive
What charge do electrons have? negative
What charge do neutrons have? none- they are neutral
A chemical property describes..... a substance's potential to undergo a chemical change/reaction
A physical property describes... characteristics of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of matter
How can you tell when there is a chemical reaction? a new substance is formed- there is a change in physical and/or chemical properties
How can you tell when there is a physical reaction? no new substance is formed, but it can change shape, size, or state of matter (solid, liquid, gas)
Define atom. the smallest part of an element, that still has all of the properties of that element (building block of matter)
Define element. A substance made up of all of the same type of atom (found on periodic table)
Define molecule. A substance made of two or more atoms chemically bonded together
Define compound. A substance made of two or more atoms of two or more different elements chemically bonded together
Define solution. A mixture in which a solid has dissolved in a liquid (homogenous)
Define mixture. A combination of substances physically combined, NOT chemically bonded together- the substances could be separated relatively easily
Compare the molecular structure of a solid, liquid, and gas. Molecules of a solid are closest together, molecules of a liquid have are a little less dense (more spaced out), and molecules of a gas are least dense (most space between them) Water is an exception- ice is actually less dense than water
The "staircase" on the periodic table represents the __________ metalloids.
On what side of the "staircase" are metals found on the periodic table? left
An ice cube melting is an example of what type of change? physical
An ice cube melts when it reacts with table salt (NaCl) is an example of what type of change? physical (change of state and lower freezing point), new solution/ mixture is made (salt water), water molecules did not chemically bond with salt molecules
A bicycle rusts after being left out in the rain is an example of what type if change? chemical- The iron is exposed to moisture and oxygen for an extended period of time. The iron atoms chemically bonds with the oxygen atoms forming iron oxide and water can speed up this process.
Dry ice sublimating (going from a solid directly to a gas) is an example of what type of change? physical (change of state)
Chewing and digesting food exemplifies what type(s) of change? physical- chewing, breaking food into smaller pieces chemical- enzymes in the body digesting the food
When salad dressing sits on a shelf for an extended period of time, allowing layers to form, this is an example of what type of mixture? heterogenous (samples will be different)
Is soil an example of a heterogenous mixture or a homogenous mixture? heterogenous (samples will be different)
Crystal Light (the drink) is an example of what type of mixture? homogenous (all samples will be the same)
Is water an element, compound, or mixture? compound
Is gold an element, compound, or mixture? element
Is saline solution (salt water) an element, compound, or mixture? mixture
Use periodic table: How many protons does one atom of Phosphorus have in its nucleus? 15
Use periodic table: How many neutrons does one atom of Phosphorus have in its nucleus? 16 (round atomic mass up to 31 and subtract the atomic #)
Use periodic table: How many electrons does one atom of Phosphorus have orbiting its nucleus? 15
Use periodic table: How many valence electrons does one atom of Phosphorus have? 5 (found in group 5)
Use periodic table: How many electron shells does one atom of Phosphorus have? 3 (found in period 3)
Use periodic table: How many protons does one atom of Potassium have in its nucleus? 19
Use periodic table: How many neutrons does one atom of Potassium have in its nucleus? 20 (rounded atomic mass - atomic #) (39-19 = 20)
Use periodic table: How many electrons does one atom of Potassium have orbiting its nucleus? 19
Use periodic table: How many valence electrons does one atom of Potassium have orbiting in the outermost shell? 1 (group 1)
Use periodic table: How many shells of electrons will one atome of Potassium have? 4 (period 4)
Description of the color, size, shape, texture, or smell of a substance would be considered ________ properties. physical
Describing a substance as flammable, explosive, or corrosive would be sharing the _________ properties. chemical
What group on the periodic table contains the noble gasses? group 18
Boiling water is an example of a _________ change. physical - change of state (liquid to gas)
How many protons, neutrons, electrons does one atom of Boron have? 5 protons, 6 neutrons, 5 electrons
Calcium and Argon both have a rounded atomic mass of 40. How is this possible if they are different elements? One atom of calcium has 20 protons, while one atom of Argon has 18 protons. This makes them have different properties, making them different elements that happen to have the same atomic mass.
Use Periodic Table: How many valence electrons does Arsenic have? 5 valence electrons
Use periodic table: How many electron shells does Gold have? 6 electron shells
When a chemical reaction releases thermal energy, causing temperature to increase this is called an: exothermic reaction
When a chemical reaction absorbs thermal energy, causing temperature to decrease this is called an: endothermic reaction
C2H4O2 + NaHCO3 -> NaC2H3O2 + H2O + CO2 This is the chemical equation for baking soda and vinegar. Is it balanced? How do you know? Yes- There are 3 atoms of carbon, 1 atom of sodium, 5 atoms of hydrogen, and 5 atoms of oxygen on the reactant side and the product side of the equation. This means they are balanced.
Why do chemical equations need to be balanced? The Law of Conservation of Matter states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, so you should end up with the same amount of matter that you started with, it just may be re-arranged.
C2H4O2 + NaHCO3 -> NaC2H3O2 + H2O + CO2 In this chemical equation, what are the reactants? C2H4O2 and NaHCO3
C2H4O2 + NaHCO3 -> NaC2H3O2 + H2O + CO2 In this chemical equation, what are the products? NaC2H3O2, H2O, and CO2
What are properties of metals? - good conductors of electricity and heat - ductile/malleable (don't break easily) - lustrous/shiny - typically solid at room temperature
What are properties of non-metals? - good insulators of heat and electricity (poor conductors) - brittle - dull (not shiny) - no definite state of matter at room temperature (could be solid, liquid, or gas)
What are properties of metalloids? - Shiny/ lustrous (like metals) - solid at room temperature - brittle (like nonmetals) - semi-conductors (can conduct heat and electricity, but not as well as metals and not as poorly as non-metals)
Created by: Mrs.Koch
Popular Chemistry sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards