Energy that is stored due to shape or position of the object
Elastic Potential Energy
Energy that can be stretched or compressed
Gravitational Potential Energy
Potential energy that depends on height
Gravitational Potential Energy Formula
Weight times height
The greater the height of an object
the greater the gravitational potential energy the object has
Mechanical Energy
Energy associated with the position and motion of an object
Mechanical Energy Formula
Potential energy + Kinetic Energy
Thermal Energy
the total potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object
Electrical Energy
the energy of electrical charges
chemical energy
the potential energy stored in chemical bonds
nuclear energy
the potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
electromagnetic energy
the energy of light and other forms of radiation
What 2 forms are associated with mechanical energy?
potential and kinetic
What SI unit is used to measure mechanical energy?
joules
When the particles of an object move faster
its thermal energy increases
Shock from a doorknob
Electrical Energy
Chemical Energy in foods
is energy stored in the bonds that hold the chemical compounds together
Example of Mechanical Energy
Football pass thrown by a quarterback
Example of Thermal Energy
Lava flowing from a volcano,hot choclate,sun ,food in thermos
Example of Electrical Energy
lightning,electric blanket,batteries,appliances.
Example of Chemical Energy
unlit match,lightbulb,lighterfluid, food
Example of Nuclear Energy
nuclear fusion,atom bomb,fission
Energy Transformation
A change from one form of energy to another
Most forms of energy
can be transformed into other forms.
what is the most common energy transformation?
potential to kinetic
The law of conservation of energy
states that energy can't be created or destroyed
Friction transforms
mechanical energy to thermal energy
Examples of fossil fuels
coal,petroleum,natural gas
Describe how chemical energy changes to mechanical energy in your body.
Chemical energy in the food transforms into mechanical energy to move your muscles. It also transforms thermal energy that your body will use to maintain temperature.
Describe what happens when you throw an orange into the air.
As the orange goes up it is gaining kinetic energy. At the highest point it looses all its potential energy and begins gaining kinetic energy. As it falls down it loses its kinetic energy and becomes gravitational potential energy.
A pendulum has maximum potential energy
at the highest point of each arch. It has the least potential energy in the middle of the arch.
A pendulum has maximum kinetic energy
At the middle of the arch.
No machine is 100% efficient because
mechanical energy is transformed to thermal energy to friction.
Albert Einstein's theory
states that matter can be trasfomed into energy, by destroying matter energy is released.
Matter
anything that takes up space and has mass.
Fuel
material that contains stored potential energy
Energy in fossil fuels comes from
the sun. The sun transforms nuclear energy to electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic is stored in plants and animals as chemical energy. Their remains become coal, oil and natural gas which have stored chemical energy.
What energy transformation takes place in the sun?
Nuclear energy is transformed to electromagnetic energy.
What energy transformation takes place during photosynthesis?
Electromagnetic energy is changed to chemical energy.
How is the potential energy of fossil fuels released?
Energy is released by being burned.
Combustion
process of burning fossil fuels. The chemical energy is trasformed to thermal energy.
In a modern coal-fired electric plant
mechanical energy of turbines is transformed to electrical energy by electric energy
Biology Lab Midterm
