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Genetics Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Trait | A genetically determined characteristic |
Heredity | The passing of genetic traits from parents to offspring |
Genetics | The science of heredity, dealing with resemblances and differences of related organisms |
Gregor Medel | A scientist who founded the modern science of genetics |
Dominate Triat | The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred |
Recessive Trait | A trait that appears in the second generation after dispersing in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred |
Genes | One set of instructions for an inherited triat |
Alleles | One of alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic |
Pheonotype | An organisms appearance or other detectable characteristic |
Genotype | The entire make-up of an organism |
Homozygous | Describes an individual that has identical alleles for a trait on both homozygous chromosomes |
Heterozygous | Describes an individual that has two different alleles for a trait |
Probablity | The likely-hood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event |
Punnett Square | A graphic used to predict the result of a genetic cross |
Meiosis | A process in cell division during which the number if chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus which results in the production of sex cells |
Selective Breeding | The human practice of breeding animal or plants that have certain traits |
Inbreeding | The mating of closely related individuals |
Hybridization | To cause to produce hybrids |
Cloning | The process of producing a clone |
DNA | A molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits |
Mutation | A change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule |
Genetic Engieering | A technology in which the genome of a living cell is modified for medical or industrial use |