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Ch. 5 Energy Resourc
Question | Answer |
---|---|
1. Which nonrenewable resource causes the most air pollution? | coal |
2. Where or how is coal, oil, and natural gas used today? | coal - power plants for electricity; oil - transportation; natural gas - electricity/heat |
3. Where do fossil fuels come from? | remains of ancient organisms |
4. What is the difference between crude oil and oil? | crude oil (unprocessed) must be refined to be made into oil/petroleum products |
5. Which nonrenewable resource causes the least air pollution? | natural gas |
6. List the nonrenewable resources. | coal, oil/petroleum, and natural gas |
7. Why are people trying to use alternative energy resources? | fossil fuels are going to run out before more can be made; lots of pollution |
8. Which do people use more of today, renewable or nonrenewable resources? Why? | nonrenewable, because a small amount creates lots of energy |
9. Which renewable resource indirectly affects wind and hydro power? Explain. | solar energy creates wind because of differences in temperature; solar energy keeps water in liquid state |
10. Explain how fusion and fission make energy. | fusion - atoms come together; fission - atoms split |
11. What is the major advantage of fossil fuels? | creates a lot of energy for low price |
12. Drilling wells on the ocean floor removes which fossil fuels? | oil |
13. What is coal made from? | ancient plant remains (peat)from swamps |
14. What are natural gas and petroleum formed from? | ancient microscopic sea organisms |
15. Which fossil fuel is used the most in the U.S.? Which is the most abundant in the U.S.? | oil is used the most; coal is the most abundant |
16. What is a major disadvantage of natural gas? | highly flammable |
17. How does hydroelectricity create electricity for people | falling water is dammed and harnessed |
18. What does energy conservation mean? | Taking care of resources even when they are not being used or using only when necessary. |
19. Which renewable resource is the most widely used today? | hydroelectricity |
20. What will most future cars run on to save more energy? | solar |
21. Where does geothermal energy come from? | heat from inside the earth |
22. List the alternative resources. | wind, solar, biomass, geothermal, hydroelectricity, fusion, fission |
23. Why is plastic not a natural resource? | it is man-made |
24. Compare the rate of use and formation between renewable and nonrenewable resources. | renewable - replaced at the same rate at which the resource is used; nonrenewable - forms at a rate that is much slower than the rate at which it is used |
25. Why is there so much smog in downtown Atlanta than in rural areas? | there are more vehicles that burn fuel in a smaller area and tall buildings trap in the polluted air |
26. Where do fusion and fission occur? | fusion - sun (we cannot use this); fission - power plants |
27. What is the disadvantage of fission? | if not careful, power plants can meltdown and release harmful radiation |
28. How is the sun’s energy harnessed? | solar cells (small) and panels (large) absorb the sun's energy |
29. What is acid rain and how can people prevent it? | rain, sleet, or snow that has a lot of air pollutants; decrease burning fossil fuels |
30. In Iceland, heat from the Earth’s surface is used to make energy. What is this called? | geothermal |
31. List 3 examples of organic matter used to create biomass. | wood, manure, plants can be burned |
32. List some examples of recyclable material. | plastic, glass, paper, aluminum |
33. What is the disadvantage of solar energy? | not all places receive the same amount of sun's energy |
34. What is a major disadvantage of wind energy? | not consistently windy in all places |
35. What is a problem of building dams for hydroelectric energy? | erosion, bad for wildlife, water pollution |