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Exam Review- Cardiovascular
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Capillaries | join arterial system to venous stem, most significant, provide cells with vital products and remove waste products from cells |
Heart | hollow muscular organ lying in the mediastinum that propels blood to the entire body |
SA Node | located in the upper portion of right atrium, has built in rhythm, initiates and transmits each heart beat, sets basic pace for cardiac rate |
How do veins return blood? | skeletal muscle contraction, gravity, respitory activity, valves |
How is blood supplied to the heart muscle | coronary arteries |
Five factors the influence blood pressure | 1. resistance of blood flow. 2. pumping action of heart. 3. viscosity of blood. 4. elasticity of arteries. 5. quality of blood |
Four structures responsible for electrical conduction of the heart | 1. SA node 2. AV node. 3. bundle of His. 4. Purkinje Fibers |
3 Layers of the heart | 1. Epicardium-outer. 2. Myocardium-middle 3. Endocardium-inner |
3 Layers of artery walls | 1. tunica externa 2. tunica media 3. tunica intima |
3 major type of blood vessels | 1. arteries 2. capillaries 3. veins |
What are valves | small structures within veins that prevent backflow of blood (regurgitation) |
What is endocarditis | inflammation of the inner lining of the heart and its valves |
Type of blood carried by arteries | oxygenated (except for pulmonary artery) |
Type of blood carried by veins | deoxygenated (except for pulmonary veins) |
What are the 4 heart valves | 1. tricuspid 2. bicuspid (mitral) 3. pulmonic 4. aortic |
Where is the tricuspid valve located | right ventricle and right atrium |
Where is the mitral valve located | left atrium and left ventricle |
Where is the pulmonic valve located | pulmonary artery and right ventricle |
Where is the aortic valve located | aorta and left ventricle |