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unit 4

Large animal nursing common diseases of swine

QuestionAnswer
neonatal pigs have few fat stores and therefore require supplemental heat durin the first few weeks of life 1st week 92-95, 2nd week 89-92, 3rd week 86-89
if piglets are not nursing or kept warm appropriately it is easy for them to become hypoglycemic and hypothermic
a few pig processing techniques that are essencial and are important for disease prevention are injection of iron dextran, clipping needle teeth, castration, tails may be docked
multisystemic diseases disease caused by a bacterium that enters the body through lymphoid tissue localizing in the skin, heart and joints erysipelas - causes high fever and may produce characteristic diamond skin lesions
swine are considered natural host of this virus pseudorabies virus (Aujeszky's Disease, Mad Itch)
clinical signs of pseudorabies are neurologic signs in baby pigs, flu-like signs in growing pigs, and embryonic death aborstion or still birth in pregnant sows or gilts
PRRS stands for a virus that is prevalent in US swine herds, entering through the respiratory tract, replicates in the pulmonary cells resulting in pneumonia porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
clinical signs of PRRS include fever, lethargy, inappetence, and cyanosis of the ears, vulva, tail, abdomen and snout
the respiratory syndrome manifests as labored breathing, increased secondary respiratory infection, increased post weaning mortality and decreased rate of grain and feed efficiency
the reproductive syndrome includes abortion, stillbirth, fetal mummies. and the birth of weak piglets
common causative agents for baby pig diarrhea include enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) or colibacillosis, rotavirus, coronavirus or transmissible gastroenteritis, clostridial enteritis, coccidiosis and parasites such as Strongyloides WOW!!!!!
in all of the causes for diarrhea the most important thing is nursing care -electrolye replacement and warm environment
a common disease process that can significantly affect growth performance with signs of cough, thumping or shallow rapid breathing, depression and weight loss pneumonia caused by atrophic rhinitis, swine influenza, Mycoplasma mneumonia, pleuropneumonia and pasteurella pneumonia
the typical length of gestation for swine is 114 days, or 3 months, 3 weeks and 3 days
several infectious agents are responsible for poor reproductive efficiency in swine they are PRRS, porcine parvovirus PPV, brucellosis and leptospirosis
A virus that only affects pregnant swine is porcine parvovirus
the best way to provide lifelong immunity is by natural infection prior to breeding
the primary serovars adapted to swine are Leptospira pomona and Leptospira bratislava with the only obvious sign of the bacterium is aborted, weeak and stillborn pigs
Nervous System a result of overconsumption of excessive sodium or inadequate water intake or both can lead to salt poisoning known as sodium ion toxicosis or water deprivation
water deprivation causes hyperosmolarity with in the CNS, so that when water is consumed, osmotic pressure draws fluid into the CNS causing cerebral edema
affected pigs of salt toxicity include restlessness, pruritus, constipation, thirst, depression, blindness, convulsions and death as the toxicity progresses
musculoskeletal system PSS Porcine Stress Syndrome is also known as malignant hyperthermia
PSS is a genetic disease that results in muscle tremors, hyperthermia and death.
PSS is caused by stress, halothane and other anesthetics may precipitate the development of PSS
the genetic mutation occurs a single autosomal recessive gene, and disease is manifested only in pigs that are homozygous recessive for this gene
Behavior the pigs normal response to fear includes vocalization and attempts to escape
Pigs have poor eyesight but a very good sense of smell
rooting is a normal foraging behavior of pigs with their snout
swine have a strong social hierarchy that is established by aggressive behavior
abnormal behavior is likely to develop because of stressful living conditions
pot bellied pigs the number one reason PBP are rehomed or abandonded is because of unrealistic expectations of their behaviors
the most common GI issue with PBP is obesity, feed for PBP is formulated low in fat and protein and high in fiber
water intake in pigs is important for prevention of cystitis, urolithiasis and salt poisoning
Created by: tnewhouse
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