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RADT 465 radiation
ARRT registry review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Are diagnostic x-rays considered high LET radiation or low LET radiation? | Low LET radiation. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 234) |
___________ effects are usually acute effects and occur only after exposure to a very large amount of radiation all at one time (and perhaps to the whole body) and therefore should not occur in diagnostic radiology. | Short-term. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 232) |
What are the four stages of Acute Radiation Syndrome in order? | Prodromal, latent, manifest illness, then recovery or death. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 241) |
Name two somatic effects to an embryo or fetus. | Spontaneous abortion, skeletal or neurologic anomalies (mental retardation and microcephaly), and leukemia. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 241) |
In what projection would exposure be reduced to the reproductive organs and/or breasts? | PA projection. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 258) |
What photon interaction with matter involves a relatively low-energy (low kV) x-ray photon that interacts with tissue and uses all its energy to eject an inner shell electron? | Photoelectric effect. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 228) |
Does mAs or kV control quality and affect quantity? | kV (Radiology Prep Book pg. 252) |
When should the gonads be shielded? | If the gonads lie in, or within 5 cm of, the collimated field, the patient has reasonable reproductive potential, and diagnostic objectives permit it. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 255) |
What is a flat piece of lead (Pb), that has a central opening, with a size and shape that determines the size and shape of the x-ray beam? | Aperture diaphragms. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 250) |
NCRP guidelines state that equipment operating above 70 kV must have a minimum total filtration of ___________. | 2.5 mm Al equivalent. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 254) |
What consists of a radiolucent chamber just beneath the tabletop above the IR and grid? | Parallel plate ionization chamber. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 259) |
Why is the digital fluoroscopy dose lower? | The DF x-ray beams are pulsed, rather than continuous. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 260) |
What size grid is satisfactory for radiography up to 90 kV? | 8:1. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 261) |
The entrance dose or skin dose is significantly ________ than the exit dose. | Greater. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 262) |
What type of radiation is emitted from the x-ray tube housing in directions other than that of the primary beam? | Leakage radiation. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 270) |
What are the cardinal rules of radiation protection? | Time, distance, and shielding. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 271) |
What are secondary radiation barriers and must contain at least 0.25 mm Pb equivalent, usually in the form of lead-impregnated vinyl? | Lead aprons. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 273) |
How far must a mobile unit's exposure cord permit the radiographer to stand away from the x-ray tube and patient? | 6 feet. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 275) |
What is the SI unit for Rad? | Gray. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 281) |
What does the roentgen measure? | Ionization in air, and can be referred to as the unit of exposure. (Radiology Prep book pg. 281) |
What kind of film badge has aluminum oxide that absorbs and stores the energy associated with exposure to ionizing radiation? | Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) film badge. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 283) |
How low can a film badge measure doses? | 10 mrem. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 285) |
In rem, how much radiation is a occupationally exposed individual 18 years of age or older allowed to receive? | 5 rem. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 288) |
What is the lifetime cumulative exposure for the occupationally exposed individual? | 1 rem x age in years. (Radiology Prep Book pg. 289) |
A pregnant radiographer's gestational exposure to the fetus must not exceed what during the entirety of the pregnancy? | 0.5 rem (0.5 mSv). (Radiology Prep Book pg. 289) |