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PLATE TECTONICS

Drifting Continents, Sea-Floor Spreading, The Theory of Plate Tectonics

TermDefinition
Alfred Wegener a 1910 German scientist
continental drift the hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth's surface
Pangaea the name of the single landmass that began to break apart 200 million years ago and gave rise to today's continents
fossil the preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past
mid-ocean ridge an undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary
sea-floor spreading the process by which molten material adds new ocean crust to the ocean floor
deep-ocean trench a deep valley along the ocean floor beneath which oceanic crust sinks slowly toward the mantle
subduction the process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back down into the mantle at a convergent boundary
plate a section of the lithosphere that slowly moves over the asthenosphere, carrying pieces of continental and oceanic crust
divergent boundary a plate boundary where two plates move away from each other
convergent boundary a plate boundary where two plates move toward each other
transform boundary a plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions
plate tectonics the theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle
fault a break in Earth's crust along which rocks move
rift valley a deep valley that forms when two plates move apart
Created by: dragonlynx
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