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Ch. 10 World Civ

TermDefinition
Minoan society Built palaces Center of commerce Phoenecian boats Established colonies
Linear A Minoan script used for records of trade
Knossos Minoan palace where rulers lived and taxes were collected
Thera The volcano whose eruption weakened Minoan society
Mycenaean society Started with Indo-Europeans trading with Minoans Built palaces which attracted communities Overtook Minoans Established settlements
Linear B Mycenaean script developed from Linear A
Trojan war Between Trojans and Mycenaeans, about trade Left Greece in state of chaos
Poleis Brought back political order Started as places of refuce Grew into commercial centers Developed independently
Tyrants Rulers who gained power by irregular means
Peloponnesus Southern part of Greek peninsula
Sparta City state Focused on military power to discourage helot rebellion Austere lifestyles Distinction by military talent Children trained for military from youth
Helot People conquered by Spartans Not slaves but not free Caused threat of rebellion
Athens Democratic government Trade increased, aristocrats controlled government and increased land holdings, less wealthy sold plots, many people were unhappy with society Democratic reformers came
Solon Created compromise between Athenian aristocrats and all else Aristocrats kept land but debts lessened and debt slavery abolished Representation provided to commoners by making assembly open to everyone, government people were payed salaries
Pericles Popular Athenian leader Employed people through building programs Athenians became more sophisticated
Persian war Greek cities on Ionian coast revolted against Persian rule Peninsular Greece sent help to Ionians Darius fought peninsular Greece Xerxes tried to get revenge and failed
Battle of Marathon Greeks vs. Darius Greek victory
Delian League Military allegiance against Greek threat Athens became leader due to best military fleet and people resented paying tax to benefit Athens
Peloponnesian War Between Sparta and Athens Spartans won Power shifted from city state to city state
Thucydides Wrote about bad things done by Athens following Peloponnesian War Athens lost good reputation
Philip of Macedon Brought post-Peloponnesian War Greece under control Built powerful military Took advantage of feuding cities to conquer
Alexander of Macedon Took control of Persia, Egypt and northern India After death Hellenistic Empires divided his conquered land
Antigonid Empire Greece and Macedon Tension with Greeks, had to strike bargains More trade, economy flourished
Ptolematic Empire Egypt The wealthiest Helenistic empire Didn't change society of Egypt but organized economy
Alexandria Ptolematic trade and cultural capital
Selucid Empire From Bactria to Anatolia (Persia) Greek and Macedonian colonists joined cities Created Mediterranean-style society Bactria withdrew and made Greek-style kingdom
Economic partnerships Between merchants, shipowners, bankers
Panhellenic festivals Unification of Greece, sense of collective identity Included Olympics
Sappho Female lesbian poet
Slavery Mobilized labor Some bought freedom
Pasion Slave who bought freedom
Created by: ayylmao
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