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Question | Answer |
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Air rises because of unequal heating of Earth's surface within a single air mass and is most common during the afternoon and evening. | Air-mass thunderstorm |
Occur when an air mass rises by orographic lifting, which involves air moving up the side of a mountain. | Mountain thunderstorm |
Local air-masses thunderstorms that occur because land and water store and release thermal energy differently. | Sea-breeze thunderstorm |
Produced by advancing cold fronts and, more rarely, warm fronts. | Frontal thunderstorm |
The channel of partially charged air. | Stepped leader |
A branched channel of positively charged particles. | Return stroke |
Can developed into self-sustaining, extremely powerful storms. | Supercell |
Violent downdrafts that are concentrated in a local area. | Downburst |
A violent, whirling column of air in contact with the ground. | Tornado |
Which ranks tornadoes according to their path of destruction, wind speed, and duration. | Fujita tornado intensity scale |
The tropics experience conditions ideal for the formation of large, rotating, low-pressure tropical storms. | Tropical cyclone |
Calm center of a tropical cyclone that develops when the winds around its center reach at least 120 km/h. | Eye |
Band where the strongest winds in a hurricane are usually concentrated, surrounding the eye. | Eyewall |
Classifies hurricanes according to wind speed, potential for flooding in terms of the effect on the height of sea level, and potential for property damage. | Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale |
Occurs when hurricane-force winds drive a mound of ocean water toward coastal areas where it washes over the land. | Storm surge |
Extended periods of well-below-average rainfall. | Drought |
Extended periods of above-average temperature. | Heat wave |
An extended period of below-average temperatures. | Cold wave |
Measures the windchill factor, by estimating the loss from human skin caused by a combination of wind and cold air. | Windchill index |