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Psychology Final Exa

Chapters 12 and 13

TermDefinition
Psychoanalytic Theory unconscious (Freud founded this theory) not aware
Levels of Awareness conscious, preconscious, unconscious
ID unconscious drive for basic physical needs, seeks pleasure, gratification
Super Ego conscience, decision making, morals
Ego self, constantly trying to balance ID and Super Ego
Pleasure Principle what drives ID
Reality Principle what drives Ego
Defense Mechanisms a process used to protect the ego by reducing the anxiety it feels when faced with the conflicting demands of the id and the super ego
Repression a type of forgetting in which memories for events, desires or impulses that we find threatening are pushed into an inaccessible part of the mind called the unconscious
Projection push your own thoughts on someone else
Displacement taking anger from original source and displacing it on something or someone else
Reaction Formation behave the opposite of how they actually feel
Regression going back to immature behaviors
Rationalization creating false excuses to justify behaviors
Identification making yourself feel better by forming a real or imaginary alliance with a person or group
Sublimation taking sexual energy and using it for something else
Compensation extra energy put towards good use
Fantasy day dream to deal with a frustrated behavior
Fixation develop bad habits
Psycho-sexual oral-18 months anal-18 months to 3 years phallic-3 to 6 years latency-6 to puberty genital-puberty and up (influence personalities)
Nature environment, Locke "tabula rasa" (blank side)
Behavioralists (Nurture) (Watson, Skinner, Pavlov, Bandura) environment shapes our behaviors
G x E Interaction (Genes by Environment) Baby Temperament (Gene) Maternal Anxiety (Environment)
Reliability consistently give us same resuluts
Validity we're measuring what we think we're measuring
Norms the average answer
Personality Inventory questions, break down, added up to say which traits you are
TAT, Appreciation making sense of an idea based on ideas we already have (Roar Shack, Traumatic Aperception Test)
Abnormal Psychology 1. Rare or infrequent in general population 2. Breaks societal norms ex.gay 3. Causes personal distress 4. impairment
DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) Axis 1-5
Subjectivity bias, partial
Self Fulfilling Prophecy if you're told you can't do something you're going to fulfill that
Biological genetics, hormones/ neurotransmitters, brain and body functioning
Psychological psychoanalytic, unconscious, conflict, between ID and super ego
Social Learning classical and operant conditioning, observational learning
Cognitive thinking and mental processes
Humanistic disturbance in perception of self
Sociocultural age, gender, ethnicity, generation, stress, poverty (context of individual)
Biopsychosocial biological, psychological, and sociocultural combined
Axis 1 Clinical Didsorders
Axis 2 Personality Disorders
Axis 3 Physical Problems or Conditions that may influence a person's mental health
Axis 4 Psychosocial problems, environmental problems
Axis 5 A numerical scale for evaluating a person's level of functioning
4 Components of Anxiety -physical response -cognitive/emotional -behavioral
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder obsession: intrusive thoughts compulsions: behaviors which lessen anxiety
Panic disorder fear of having a panic attack
Anxiety Biological neurotransmitters, genetics, amygdula(memories related to fear)
Anxiety Psychological classical conditioning, reinforcement
Anxiety Sociocultural war (PTSD, abuse, woman, European American
Dissociate separate self from that
Dis-associative Identity Disorder separate from reality -alters (alternate personalities) -host
Somatoform a disorder marked by physical complaints that have no apparent physical cause
Hypochondriac the person persistently worries over having a disease without any physical basis
Agoraphobia an excessive fear of being in places from which escape might be difficult or where help might not be available if one were to experience panic
disphoria extremely sad
anhedonia loss of interest in pleasurable or usual activities
phobic disorder an anxiety disorder characterized by an intense fear of a specific object or situation
specific phobia a persistent fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation
social phobia an irrational persistent fear of being negatively evaluated by others in a social situation
obsession a recurrent thought or image that intrudes on a person's awareness
compulsion repetitive behavior that a person feels a strong urge to perform
post traumatic stress disorder an anxiety disorder characterized by distressing memories, emotional numbness, and hyper-vigilance that develops after exposure to a traumatic event
mood disorder a disorder marked by a significant change in one's emotional state that seriously interferes with one's ability to function
major depression a mood disorder involving disphoria feelings of worthlessness, loss of interest in ones usual activities and changes in bodily activities such as sleep and appetite that persists for at least 2 weeks
dysthmic disorder a mood disorder that is a less severe but more chronic form of major depression
bipolar disorder a mood disorder characterized by both depression and mania
mania a period of abnormally excessive energy and elation
cyclothymic disorder a mood disorder that is less severe but more chronic form of bipolar disorder
learned helplessness the belief that one cannot control the outcome of events
ruminative coping style the tendency to persistently focus on how one feels without attempting to do anything about one's feelings
cognitive distorition thought that tends to be pessimistic and negative
schizophrenia disturbances in thought, perceptions, emotions and behavior + positive - additon of abnormal behavior, hallucination disorganized speech - negative - behaviors normal people have that are missing blunted affect(readable emotions)
delusion a thought or belief that a person believes to be true but in reality is not
hallucination perceiving someting that does not exist in reality
disorganized speech speech lacks association between one's ideas and the events that one is experiencing
disordered behavior inappropriate or unusual behavior such as silliness, catatonic excitement or a catatonic stuper
catatonic stupor disorder in motor behavior involving mobility
catatonic excitement disorder in motor behavior involving excited agitation
blunted affect a lack of emotional expression
alogia decreased quality or quantity of speech
avolition the inability to follow through on one's plans
personality disorder maladaptive behavior that has been stable over a long period and across many situations
antisocial personality disorder pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others with no remorse or guilt for one's actions
borderline personality disorder pattern of instability in mood, relationships, self image, and behavior
Created by: Alisicia
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