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pamela18
Mycology - CLLS-312
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is Mycology? | Study of fungus |
What are fungi? | microorganisms that include molds, yeast, and mushrooms |
Mycoses | fungal diseases |
How are mycoses classified | by the tissue or body site infected |
Superficial | outermost layers of skin |
cutaneous | keratin in skin, hair, and nails. causes inflammation in the skin |
subcutaneous | soft tissue, muscles, and bones immediately below the skin |
systemic | involve deep tissue and organs of the body |
Transmission of fungi | often inhalation of spores or through a puncture wound |
fungi are | eukaryotic |
Pigment may appear in what 3 places | top of colony (surface pigment), underside of colony(reverse pigment), diffused into media (diffusible pigment) |
Rugose | have furrows radiating from the center to the edge of the colony |
umbonate | raised center but may also exhibit furrows around the central button |
verucose | wrinkled surface |
textures | wooly/cottony, granular/powdery, velvety, glabrous |
wooly/cottony | dense, high aerial mycelium |
granular/powdery | very flat mycelia but produce numbers of conidia |
velvety | low, very dense aerial mycelia |
glabrous | no aerial mycelium, fungi, and yeasts will have a waxy appearance |
Sexual spores | Ascospores, Zygospores, basidiospores |
asexual spores | Sporangiospore, and Conidiospore |
aseptate | without cross walls |
septate | with cross walls |
mycelium | mass of hyphae |
conidia | asexual spores |
conidiophore | support structure for conidia |
Superficial mucoses | infections limited to the outermost layers of the skin and hair |
cutaneous mycoses | infections that extend deeper into the epidermis, as well as invasive hair and nail diseases |
dermatophytes | homogenous group of fungi that cause a variety of infections of hair, skin & nails |
Tinea capitis | ringworm of scalp |
Tinea corporis | ringworm of trunk, arms, and legs |
Tinea cruris | Jock itch-ringworm of groin |
Tinea pedis | athletes foot. ringworm of foot |
Tinea ungulum | infection of nails |
Ectothrix | infection of hair shaft surface |
endothrix | infection of hair shaft interior |
Urease | T.mentagrophytes:(+)within 7 days T.rubrum: (-) |
in vitro hair penetration | T. mentafrophytes (+) T.rubrum (-) |
growth in polished rice grains | M.audouinii: no growth other microsporum species: growth |
growth on trichophyton agars | T.violaceium, T.verrucosum, T.tonsurans: enhanced with thiamine (agar#4) |
tinea | ringworm |
3 genre of dermatophytes | Microsporum, Tichophyton, and Epidermophyton |
subcutaneous mycoses | infections involving the dermis, subcutaneous tissues, muscle & fascia |
Initiated by trauma to the skin and difficult to treat | subcutaneous mycoses |
systemic mycoses | originate primarily in lungs and may spread to other organ systems |
What is the best specimen | direct smear: some fungi can only be distinguished by micro appearance |
Methods of direct exam methods | KOH, Calcofluor White Stain, India Ink Prep, Alcian Blue/Mucicarmine stains |
Histology stains | PAS, Methenamine Silver Stain, H&E, Modified Acid Fast, Giemsa, Papanicolaou stain. |
Molds grow best in | ambient air (room temp) |
Nutritionally rich media | asexual spores |
poor nutrition media | sexual spores |