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Sociology exam 2
Soc 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The division of large numbers of people into layers according to their relative power, property, and prestige is referred to as | Social Stratification |
Mahatma is a member of India's Brahman Caste. What is Mahatma's most likely occupation | A Hindu Preist |
Which of the following characteristics is most associated with the class system? | Movement up and down the Class ladder |
The sociologist who believed that social class is made up of three components- property, power, and prestige was | Weber |
According to the textbook, what would be the best way to preserve a stratification system? | Controlling Ideas, Controlling Information, and Human natured is self centered |
what were three major causes of slavery prior to life in the American Colonies? | Debt payoff, Crime, War |
Which two theorists concluded that the universality of stratification can be explained by the necessity to motivate the most qualified people to fill the most important and demanding position in society? | Davis and Moore |
When used by sociologists, the term "wealth" refers to | property owned income minus debt |
The belief by many Americans that they actually contribute to major government decisions through the power of their vote is referred to by Hellinger and Judd as? | Democratic Facade |
What was the term C. Wright Mills used to refer to those who make the big decisions in American society? | Power Elite |
The occupation with the highest prestige in the United states is a? | Physician |
To determine the poverty line, the U.S. Government calculates a low cost food budget for a family of a specific size, then subjects that number to which modification? | Multiply number by 3 |
What is Durkheim's term for a condition in which people become detached from the norms that guide their behavior? | Anomie |
Based on the Marxist orientation of conflict sociologists, how many distinct social classes exist? | 2 |
What region of the United states has the highest clustering of people in poverty? | The South |
High income but low occupation prestige demonstrates a condition known as? | Status inconsistency |
While the notion of gender refers to sociological characteristics, the concept of sex refers to | Biological |
Based on the accident that led to the sex change of a seven-month old identical twin as well as the Vietnam veterans' study, which statement is most accurate regarding the effects of nature and nurture on behavior? | Human behavior is the result of nature and nurture working together |
What conclusion did George Murdock make following his study of 324 societies | All societies associate certain activities with different sexes |
In Pakistan, Jordan, and Kurdistan, a woman who has brought disgrace to her family is killed by a male relative, usually her brother or husband. This practice is known as | A Honor killing |
Which wave of feminism was characterized by broad goals ranging from an increase in women's pay to an antiviolence campaign? | Second Wave |
The doctorate conferred with the greatest percentage of women recipients is? While the doctorate with the greatest percentage of men is? | Psychology/Engineering |
What is an example of primary sex characteristic in women? | Vagina |
What term describes the invisible barrier that keeps women from advancing to the top levels of a corporation? | Glass Ceiling |
What is a group of people with inherited physical characteristics that distinguish it from another group? | Race |
While race might reflect our biological heritage, what reflects our cultural heritage? | Ethnicity |
For the last five years, Sarah has been trying to recover her ethnic heritage by tracing her family line. This attempt to find her family is an example of? | Heritage recovery |
What is the term used to describe an attitude that exaggerates the virtues of a group, such as all Asian Americans being brilliant or all African Americans being great athletes? | Sterotype |
Prejudice describes____________ while discrimination describes________________. | Prejudging one group as inferior to another; Un-fair treatment of someone |
What did Ezekiel suggest as the reason why some people are attracted to racist hate groups? | They provide people with a sense of meaning |
Based on the textbook, what are two ways a group becomes a minority? | low birth rates, large groups relocating |
What three factors account for the long life expectancy of the abkhasians, the people living in the former Soviet republic of Georgia? | Vege diet, physical activity, sense of community |
All of the following statements regarding the "graying of America" are accurate except for? | The median age of Americans has almost doubled since 1950 |
In which Country do citizens have the longest life expectancy? | Japan |
In U.S. Society, men with graying hair and wrinkles are seen as mature, while women with the same features are seen as old. This is referred to as? | Gender age |
The term "_______" refers to prejudice, discrimination, and hostility directed against people because of their age, and was coined by the physician ___________. | Ageism, Robert Butler |
What sociological perspective stresses that age has no inherent meaning and that each culture shapes the way that its citizens perceive the elderly? | Symbolic Interactionism |
Who was the physician that started a movement in 1930 to levy a 2 percent national sales tax to support the elderly? | Francis Townsend |
Which sociological perspective is most closely aligned with the disengagement, activity, and continuity theories of ageing? | Functionalist |
The life span for humans is recorded as ____, based on the well documented records of a woman who died in 1977 | 120 |
Hunting and gathering societies that generate very little surplus food and material property are described by sociologists as | Subsistence economics |
What term describes a system that emphasizes hard work, savings, and a concern for salvation? | Protestant Ethic |
The term "global village" refers to? | The world, esp. considered as the home of all nations and peoples living interdependently |
The eagerness to show wealth by the purchase and visible ownership of goods is called? | Conspicuous Consumption |
What was the earliest medium of exchange? | Barter System |
What is the determining factor for inflation to occur? | currency is issued at a higher rate than the rate of the Gross domestic product |
In the united states, governments interventions that restrict a person's ability to immediately produce and sell a product that he or she has discovered or invented are referred to as? | Market Restraints |
What is the primary criticism leveled against capitalism? | It leads to social inequality |
In Socialism, Who or what determines what will be produced and what it will cost? | The social economy |