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Lesson 12
Cell Composition
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell Membrane | outer boundary of the cell. It allows the passage of materials into and out of the cell |
| Nucleus | the control center of the cell. It contains the genetic material, RNA or DNA |
| Cytoplasm | the liquid material found between the cell membrane and the nucleus. It is where the cell organelles are located and where metabolic reactions occur |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | the transportation canals found inside of the cytoplasm. There are two types: rough (with ribosomes) and smooth (lacking ribosomes) |
| Organelle | a structure found within the cell’s cytoplasm that carries out specific functions. Mitochondria, ribosomes, chloroplasts, and lysosomes are all examples |
| Nuclear Membrane | a boundary that surrounds the nucleus. There are small openings called nuclear pores that allow RNA to come in and out |
| Mitochondria | organelle that breaks down food to produce energy in the form of ATP |
| Ribosomes | found in cytoplasm and on rough ER, they convert amino acids into proteins |
| Proteins | these organic molecules build and repair cells |
| Golgi Body | an organelle that is responsible for the packaging and shipping of materials for the cell |
| Vacuole | a structure that stores compounds until they are needed by the cell, it also stores wastes and by-products given-off by cellular functions |
| Lysosomes | responsible for digesting dead or dying cellular material within the cell |
| Cell Wall | used by plants to support the cell and the plant during growth |
| Chloroplasts | structures only found within a plant cell, contains chlorophyll pigment responsible for photosynthesis |
| Photosynthesis | process by which plants (autotrophs) capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy (food) |
| Centrioles | structures found in animal and many other eukaryotic cells that organize the spindle fibers during cell division. They are NOT found in plant cells |
Created by:
ecotteacher
on 2008-05-19