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Module 7 (Head)

Anatomy of the Head

QuestionAnswer
Dividing line b/w neurocranium and facial skeleton runs from... eyebrow to head of mandible
What bone of the skull contains greater and lesser wings? sphenoid
What bone forms the cribiform plate and perpendicular plat? Ethboid
What bone contains the foramen magnum? Occipital
What bone forms the pterygoid process? sphenoid
The two dividing lines forming the boarders of the cranial base run from... 1. top of forehead to occipital protuberance 2. eyebrow to mastoid process
The calvaria is superior to... the cranial base
What region is inferior to the cranial base? facial skeleton
Bregma intersection of frontal and sagittal sutures
Lambda intersection of occipital bone and R/L parietal bones
Squamous suture intersection of parietal and squamous portion of temporal bones
Together, the ethmoid bone and the vomer form... the nasal septum
What bone constitutes the hard pallate? palatine bone
The sqaumous suture lies between... parietal and temporal bones
The frontal suture lies between... frontal and temporal bones
The lambdoid suture lies between... parietal and occipital bones
Pterion intersection of frontal, temporal, parietal, and sphenoid bones (all cranial bones except occipital bone)
The sella turcica contains ___ and is part of the ___ bone pituitary gland, sphenoid bone
Anterior cranial fossa (internal boarders) lesser wing, cribiform plate
Foramina of cribiform plate (CN) CN 1
optic canal (CN) CN 2
Superior orbital fissure (CN) CN 3, 4, 6, V1
Foramen rotundum (CN) V2 of CN 5
Foramen ovale (CN) V3 of CN 5
Internal acoustic meatus (CN) CN 7 and 8
Jugular foramen (CN) CN 9, 10, 11
Hypoglossal canal (CN) CN 12
Foramen magnum (CN and other structures) Roots of CN 11, medulla oblongata of B stem
What passes through the carotid canal? ICA
The mastoid process is part of what cranial bone? temporal
The styloid process is part of what cranial bone? temporal
Nasion junction of 2 nasal bones
Bones that form the zygomatic arch... zygomatic and temporal bones
V1 passes through Superior orbital fissure
V2 passes through foramen rotundum
V3 passes through foramen ovale
Supraorbital notch (CN) branch of V1
Infraorbital foramen (CN) branch of V2
Mental foramen (CN) branch of V3
Occipitofrontalis (Act) elevate eyebrows
Orbicularis oculi (Act) closes eyes
Orbicularis oculi (palpebral; act.) gently closes eyes
Orbicularis oculi (orbital; act.) tightly closes eyes
Nasalis (Act) flares nostrils ("draws sides of nose toward nasal septum")
Levator labii superioris (Act) Elevate upper lip
Orbicularis oris (Act) Purse lips (kiss)
Mentalis (Act) protrude lower lip (pout)
All muscles of the face are innervated by... CN 7 (facial nerve)
Bell's Palsy injury to CN 7 -> paralysis of facial muscles
3 major branches of ECA Facial, maxillary, superficial temporal artery
What CN innervates the skin of the face? CN 5 (trigeminal nerve)
Levator palpebrae superioris (Act) raises upper eyelid
Path of tears from lacrimal gland lacrimal gland -> lacrimal lake -> lacrimal punctum -> lacrimal canaliculi -> lacrimal sac -> nasolacrimal duct -> inferior meatus
Conjuctiva transparent layer that covers the anterior eye (is continuous with the inner eyelid) -- on eye = bulbar conjuctiva; on inner eyelid = palpebrae conjuctiva
conjuctivitis inflammation of conjuctiva (redness)
Sclera outer white layer of eye 5/6
Cornea overlays lens and iris externally 1/6
Ciliary body connects... choroid with iris
Choroid lines... most of the sclera (deep)
Ciliary process secretes... aqueous humor
Anterior chamber lies b/w cornea and iris/pupil
Posterior chamber lies b/w iris/pupil and ciliary body
The Canal of Schlemm drains... aqueous humor
Impaired drainage of aqueous humor leads to glaucoma
Ciliary muscle (Act) focus lens
In the center of macula lutea lies... fovea centralis (highest acuity)
Eye muscles (CN 3) superior/inferior/medial rectus (all but lateral rectus), inferior oblique, levator palpebrae superioris
Eye muscles (CN 4) superior oblique
Eye muscles (CN 6) lateral rectus
CN 3 innervates all eye muscles except for... superior oblique, lateral rectus
Lateral rectus (N) CN 6
Superior oblique (N) CN 4
Boundaries of nasal cavity (floor, roof, medial wall, lateral wall) fl: palatine bone + maxilla, roof: cribiform plate, med wall: perpendicular plate, lat wall: nasal conchae
What sinus lies b/w nasal cavity and orbit? ethmoid sinus
What sinus lies w/in the frontal bone? frontal sinus
What sinus lies w/in the maxilla? maxillary sinus
What sinus lies w/in the sphenoid? sphenoidal sinus
Most common sinus infected? maxillary sinus
Tooth pain may be a sign of infection of the... maxillary sinus
Saying "ahh" tests what structure + nerve? Uvula and CN 9
Anterior 2/3 of tongue lingual papillae
Posterior 1/3 of tongue lingual tonsils
Genioglossus (N) CN 12
Mumps -> inflammation of... parotid gland
Aqueous humor flows from the __ chamber to the __ chamber Posterior chamber -> anterior chamber
Test for CN 6 palsy cannot rotate eye laterally
Order external -> internal (ear bones) Maleus, incus, stapes
What connects the middle ear tot he nasopharynx? auditory (eustachian) tube
Covering layers of brain (superficial -> deep) dura, arachnoid, pia mater
Sub-arachnoid space contains... Cerebrospinal fluid
What enters the carotid canal? ICA
CSF fluid flows... lat ventricle -> third vent -> cerebral aquaduct -> fourth vent -> subarachnoid space
Vertebral artery enters skull via foramen magnum
Vertebral arteries unite to form Basilar artery
Muscles of mastication (N) V3 of CN 5
Muscles of mastication temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid (some lat pterygoid)
TMJ movement rotation, translation
Created by: cbaweiss
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