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Age of Exploration

TermDefinition
astrolabe navigational tool that used the stars to navigate. From the Middle East. One of the navigational advances that causes the Age of Exploration.
cartography mapmaking. Advances in map making and the development of the printing press helped lead to the Age of Exploration.
caravel type of ship with a rear rudder, several masts and capable of carrying canon and cargo and making ocean voyages. Helped lead to the Age of Exploration
Ferdinand Magellan Credited with the first circumnavigation (circling) of the earth.
Treaty of Tordesillas Divided the New World between Spain and Portugal
conquistador Spanish for conqueror. Examples: Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro
Hernan Cortes Spanish conquistador responsible for the downfall of the Aztec Empire
Francisco Pizarro Spanish conquistador responsible for the downfall of the Inca Empire
mercantilism the idea that a nation's power is based on it's wealth.
favorable balance of trade when the value of a nation's exports is more than the value of their imports
Columbian Exchange the exchange of goods, ideas, diseases, etc. between Europe and the New World.
Triangular Trade Trade route between Europe, Africa and the Americas
Middle Passage Part of the Triangular trade that transported enslaved Africans to the New World
encomienda system system in which Native Americans were forced into labor and had to pay tribute.
peninsulares Spanish/Portuguese citizens living in the New World who were born in Spain or Portugal. At the top of the social class structure of colonial Latin America
Latin America The Western Hemisphere south of the United States
creoles Spanish and Portuguese citizens who were born in the New World. Often treated as second class citizens by the peninsulares
mestizos those of mixed Native American and European ancestry
mulattos those of mixed African and European ancestry
Commercial Revolution Time period when a truly worldwide trade developed involving Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas
joint stock companies type of corporation where individuals could buy part of a voyage of exploration or colonization. Opened up more money for investment
Created by: mrfordglobal
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