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Chapter 3

Chapter 3, Scientific Measurement: vocab and key ideas

QuestionAnswer
What is a measurement? a quantity that has both a number an a unit.
What is scientific notation? when a number is written as the product of two numbers: a coefficient and 10 raised to the power. EX: 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 would be 6.02 x 10^23 in scientific notation.
What is accuracy? a measure of how close a measurement really came to the true value of whatever was measured.
What does precision mean? a measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another, irrespective to the actual value.
What is the difference between the accepted value ( which is the correct value for the measurement) and the experimental value? (the value measured in the lab) the error
What is the percent error of a measurement? the absolute value of the error divided by the accepted value then multiplied by 100.
The significant figures in a measurement include what? all of the digit that are known, plus a last digit that is estimated.
Why must measurements always be reported to the correct number of significant figures? because calculated answers often depend on the number of significant figures in the values used in the calculation.
What is the International System of Units? a revised version of the metric system.
What is the abbreviation for the International System of Units? SI
In SI the basic unit of length is the __________. meter
What is a liter? the volume of a cube that is 10 centimeters along each edge.
What is a kilogram? the basic SI unit of mass.
What is a gram? a gram is 1/1000 of a kilogram.
Define weight: the force that measures the pull on a given mass by gravity.
The capacity to do work of produce heat is called what? energy
The SI unit of energy is the ______. joule
One ____ is the quantity of heat that raises the temperature of 1 g of pure water by one degree celsius. calorie.
What is temperature? the measure of how hot or cold an object is.
The ______ scale sets the freezing point of water at 0 and the boiling point at 100. celsius scale.
What is the freezing point and boiling point on the Kelvin scale? 273.15 and 373.15.
What is dimensional analysis? a way to solve problems using the units, or diminsions, of the measurment.
What is a conversion measure? a ratio of equivalent measurements.
What is density the ratio of? the mass of an object to its volume.
Created by: jmhschemistry
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