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AP World History
Valhalla High School Bentley AP World Ch. 11
Term | Definition | Significance | Time Period | Chapter | Region |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mare Nostrum | What the Romans began to call the Mediterranean Sea due to its importance to Rome | It allowed the Romans to trade with others as well as travel | 1st Century C.E. | 11 | Europe |
Pater Familia | The idea that men should run the house for their familys. | This was one of the earliest forms of a Patriarchy. | 1st century C.E. | 11 | Rome |
Cicero | A Roman thinker who studied in Greece and wrote many types of literature | He was one of the first to suggest Stoicism | 106-43 BCE | 11 | Rome |
Stoicism | The belief that the pursuit of justice was mans most important duty and not to cheat their way through life | It became one of the most popular schools in Rome | 1st Century BCE | 11 | Rome |
Mithraism | A cult that followed the Sun god Mithras | it gave Roman soldiers strength and courage during conflicts | 1st century BCE | 11 | Rome |
Cult of Isis | A cult that worshipped Isis, and also admitted women along with men | It allowed women to join and was also the most popular religion before Christianity | 1st Century BCE | 11 | Rome |
Essenes | A sect of Judaism who searched for a savior to release them from all the evil in the world | it was very close to the Christian beliefs | 1st Century BCE | 11 | Rome |
Jesus of Nazareth | a Jewish man who became the center of Christianity and was seen as their savior | He became the center of one of the most popular religions in the whole world | 4 BCE | 11 | Rome |
Christianity | A religion started in Europe that focused around a man named Jesus who was a Jewish man crucified for saying he was Gods son sent to relieve the people of all of their sins | it was a huge religion in Europe and started many countries | 1st Century BCE | 11 | Europe |
Romulus | Descendant of Aeneas; twin of Remus; in 753 B.C.E., founded the city of Rome and Established himself the first king. | Without Romulus, the founding of rome may very well have never taken place. | 500 B.C.E - 500 C.E. | 11 | Rome |
Remus | Descendant of Aeneas; twin of Romulus; left to die by evil uncle with Romulus but saved and nursed to health by a she-wolf as the tale tells. | Holds a leading role in the story of the foundation of Rome. | 500 B.C.E - 500 C.E. | 11 | Rome |
The Etruscans | A dynamic group of people who dominated much of Italy between the eighth and fifth centuries B.C.E. | Made Italy undergo a rapid political and economic development. Were defeated and beat down by the Greeks. | 500 B.C.E - 500 C.E. | 11 | Rome |
Patricians | A group of elite families in Ancient Rome inclusive to both the natural and adopted members of the families and also included many high court officials. | Tended to be a higher class and more influential than the plebeians. Therefore, were able to secure power over them for a long time. | 500 B.C.E - 500 C.E. | 11 | Rome |
Plebeians | The general body of the citizens of Rome; distinctly different from the higher society patricians. | Eventually began to gain wealth and influence enabling them to compete with the higher class patricians. | 500 B.C.E - 500 C.E. | 11 | Rome |
The Punic Wars | Three devistating conflicts fought between the Romans and the Carthaginians. The Romans Came out victorious. | Carhtage was taken over by Rome who used its resources to finace and sponsor a continued imperial expansion. | 500 B.C.E - 500 C.E. | 11 | Rome |
The Gracchi Brothers | Tiberius and Gaius Gracchi were tow brothers who acted as the chifef proponents of social reform in the Roman Republic. | Worked to control and limit the amount of conquered land that any one indiviual could hold and those with more than accepted land would lose their excess. They had very little success and were both assassinated; tiberus in 132 B.C.E. and Gaius in 121 | 500 B.C.E - 500 C.E. | 11 | Rome |
Civil War of Rome | In 87 B.C.E. Rome was sent into a state of civil war and placed under military occupation by Marius. | In 83 B.C.E., Sulla seized Rome as his and initiated the slaughter of those who opposed him. | 500 B.C.E - 500 C.E. | 11 | Rome |
Augustus | Also known as Octavian; a nephew and protege of Julius Caesar and his adopted son. | brought many changes as well as victories to Rome: defeated principal rival, Mark Antony and created an imperial government that would be used for the following three centuries. | 500 B.C.E - 500 C.E. | 11 | Rome |
The Pax Romana | Literally means "Roman Peace" and was brought on by the peace brought to Rome as a city and as an empire by Augustus. | for many years after, it facilitated trade and communication throughout the region between Mesopotamia to the Atlantic Ocean | 500 B.C.E - 500 C.E. | 11 | Rome |