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Special Views-CR
Special Views with central ray placement
Special View | Central Ray Placement |
---|---|
Mortise Joint (Ankle) | Perpendicular at ankle joint midway between malleoli. |
Calcaneus (Foot) | Cephalic angle of 40 degrees to long axis of foot |
Causton Method (Foot-Sesamoids) | First MTP joint at 40-degree angle toward heel |
Isherwood Method (Subtalar) - Foot | Perpendicular 1-inch distal/1-inch anterior to lateral malleolus |
Kandel Method (Foot) | 40 degrees anteriorly thru leg |
Kite Method (Clubfoot) - Lateral | Perpendicular to mid-tarsal area |
Kite Method (Clubfoot) - AP | 15 degree posterior angle |
Lewis and Holly Methods (Sesamoids) | Perpendicular and tangential to first MTP joint |
Clements Nakayama Method (Hip) | 15 degrees posteriorly and aligned perpendicular to femoral neck |
Danelius-Miller Method (Hip) aka CROSS-TABLE or SURGICAL-LATERAL | Enters mid-thigh and passes thru femoral neck about 2.5 inches below intersection. |
Judet Method (Hip) | Entering 2 inches inferior to ASIS of affected side in 45-degree LPO or RPO position. |
Lauenstein and Hickey Methods (Hip) | Perpendicular thru hip joint, midway between ASIS and pubic symphysis |
Beclere Method (Intercondylar Fossa) | Entering knee joint half-inch below patellar apex |
Camp-Coventry Method (Knee) | Angled 40 degrees when knee flexed 40 degrees |
Holmblad Method (Intercondylar fossa) aka TUNNEL PROJECTION | Kneeling with angle of 70 degrees between femur and table |
Hughston Method (Patella) | 45 degrees cephalic and thru patellofemoral joint |
Kuchendorf Method (Patella) | Between patella and femoral condyles at angle of 25-30 degrees caudal |
Merchant Method (Patella) | Bilateral knees with 30-degree caudad CR -to-femur angle |
Settegast Method (Patella) aka SUNRISE or SUNSET | Perpendicular to joint space between patella and femoral condyles when joint is perpendicular. |
Weight-Bearing Method (Knee) | Entering half-inch below patella apices |
Lewis and Holly Method (Lewis Version) | Foot resting on TOES. |
Lewis and Holly Method (Holly Version) | Foot resting on HEELS. |
Modified Cleaves Method (Femoral Neck) (aka BILATERAL FROG LEG) | Perpendicular to enter patient's MSP at level 1-inch superior to pubic symphysis. |
Original Cleaves Method (Femoral Neck) | Parallel with femoral shafts with angle variation between 25 and 45 degrees. |
Bridgeman Method (Pelvis) | 40 degrees caudad, entering level of ASIS |
Taylor Method (Pelvis) | MALES: 20-35 degrees cephalic and centered 2 inches distal to pubic symphysis; FEMALES: 30-45 degrees cephalic and centered 2 inches distal to upper border of pubic symphysis. |
Weight-Bearing Composite Method - Standing (AP Axial Foot) | Posterior angulation 15 degrees; anterior angulation of 25 degrees on posterior ankle. |
Weight-Bearing Method - Standing (AP Axial) | Angled 10 degrees toward heel |