click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Advanced Modalities
Angiography
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What are the 2 systems of the Circulatory System? | 1)Blood-Vascular System 2)Lymphatic System |
The major circulatory system is the ____________ system and the minor is the __________ system. | Blood-vascular; Lymphatic |
The lymphatic system collects ________ or _______ from the _________ spaces. | Fluid; Lymph; Tissue |
Both systems of circulation carry _________ and ___________ material to the __________. | Oxygen; Nutritive; Tissues |
Both systems of circulation also collect and transport ____________ and other metabolic wastes to the organs of _____________. | Carbon Dioxide; Excretion |
Name 4 organs of excretion: | Skin, Lungs, Liver, Kidneys |
The central organ of the blood vascular system is the __________. | Heart |
The heart has ___________ chambers divided by a __________. | 4; Septum |
The muscular wall of the heart is the ____________. | Myocardium |
The INNER lining of the heart is the ____________. | Endocardium |
The thin membrane covering the heart is the ____________. | Epicardium |
The double-walled outermost covering of the heart is the _______________. | Pericardium |
The right side of the heart handles ___________ or _____________ __________. | Venous; Deoxygenated blood |
The left side of the heart handles ____________ or ________________ blood. | Arterial; Oxygenated blood |
The coronary arteries supply what? | Blood to the myocardium of the heart |
The general term referring to radiologic examinations of vascular structures after introduction of contrast: | Angiography |
The radiologic examination of arteries via contrast injection: | Arteriography |
The radiologic examination of the veins via contrast injection: | Venography |
What is the most commonly used contrast medium? | Water-Soluble iodinated contrast |
3 reasons that nonionic contrast is used: | 1)Fewer physiologic side effects 2)Fewer allergic reactions 3)Less nephrotoxic |
_____________ concentration used for ____________ ______________. | Different; Different procedures |
What is the most commonly used radiographic equipment for angiography? | Digital |
____________ ____________ is widely used and allows for better visualization of contrast filled vascular structures by instantly _____________ ____________ structures. | Digital Subtraction; Subtracting bony |
_____________ still used in cardiac catheterization procedures to provide images in a _______________ ______ format. | Cinefluorography; Movie IR |
The most commonly used method of catheterization is the ____________ technique. | Seldinger |
Catheterization is performed under ___________ technique. | Sterile |
The most common site for catheter injection is the ____________ ____________. | Femoral Artery |
There are fewer possibilities of _____________ formation with a __________ ___________ versus a _____________ technique. | Thrombosis; Direct Injection; Catheterization |
How are 3D images obtained? | Bi-plane imaging by exposure from 2 planes. |
Radiographic examination of vascular structures of the brain are called: | Cerebral Angiography |
What supplies oxygenated blood to the brain? | Anterior Circulation: Left & Right Common Carotid arteries Posterior Circulation: Left & Right Vertebral Arteries |
The Common Carotid arteries branch into __________ and ______________ at the level of ________. | Internal and External; C-4 |
The Internal Carotid arteries enter the brain through what foramen of what bone? | Carotid Foramen; Temporal Bone |
The Aortic Arch branches the oxygenated blood supply beginning on the left side of the arch with what? | Left Subclavian Artery |
The Subclavian arteries branch off to supply what? | The left and right vertebral arteries |
Beginning closest to the heart list the Aortic Arch branches. | Left Subclavian; Left Common Carotid; Brachiocephalic |
The Brachiocephalic Artery branches into what other 2 arteries? | Right Common Carotid and Right Subclavian |
Where do the Coronary Arteries stem from? | The Descending portion of the Aortic Arch (Right Coronary on the right and left coronary on the left) |
Where is the injection site for upper limb venography? | Superficial vein in the hand or wrist. |
For upper limb venography, images are obtained up to what level? | Superior Vena Cava |
What veins are demonstrated in upper limb venography? | Cephalic, Basilic and Subclavian Veins |
3 purposes of Upper and Lower Limb Venography: | Visualize: 1) Thrombophlebitis ; 2) Varicose Veins ; 3) Vessel Damage secondary to trauma |
The process for lower limb venography requires the patient (if possible) in what position? | Semi-Erect Position (45 degrees if possible) |
Where is the contrast injected in lower limb venography? | Superficial Vein in the Foot |
Imaging for lower limb Venography should begin at the ___________ and proceed ___________ to include the ___________________. | Ankle; Superiorly; Inferior Vena Cava |