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Ch.2 SG- Rocks
Study Guide for Chapter 2 sections 1-4 - Rocks
Question | Answer |
---|---|
basaltic | describes dense, dark-colored igneous rock that forms when magma being forced upward towards Earth's crust cools slowly and solidifies underground |
lava | molten rock that flows from volcanoes onto Earth's surface |
cementation | sedimentary rock-forming process where sediment grains are held together by natural cements that are produced when water moves through rock and soil |
metamorphic rock | forms when heat, pressure, or fluids act on igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rock to change its form or composition or both |
compaction | process that forms sedimentary rocks when layers of sediments are compressed by the weight of the layers above them |
nonfoliated | describes metamorphic rock whose mineral grains grow and rearrange but generally without layers |
extrusive | describes fine-grained igneous rock that forms when magma cools quickly at or near Earth's surface |
rock | a mixture of minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, and/or other natural materials |
foliated | describes metamorphic rock whose mineral grains line up in parallel layers |
rock cycle | model that describes how rocks slowly change from one form to another through time |
granitic | describes generally light-colored, silica-rich igneous rock that is less dense than basaltic rock |
sediment | loose materials, like rock fragments, mineral grains, and remains of once-living things, that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity |
igneous rock | rock formed when magma or lava cools and hardens |
sedimentary rock | forms when sediments are compacted and cemented together or when minerals form from solutions |
intrusive | describes a type of igneous rock that generally contains large crystals and forms when magma cools slowly beneath Earth's surface |