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Ch.2 SG- Rocks

Study Guide for Chapter 2 sections 1-4 - Rocks

QuestionAnswer
basaltic describes dense, dark-colored igneous rock that forms when magma being forced upward towards Earth's crust cools slowly and solidifies underground
lava molten rock that flows from volcanoes onto Earth's surface
cementation sedimentary rock-forming process where sediment grains are held together by natural cements that are produced when water moves through rock and soil
metamorphic rock forms when heat, pressure, or fluids act on igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rock to change its form or composition or both
compaction process that forms sedimentary rocks when layers of sediments are compressed by the weight of the layers above them
nonfoliated describes metamorphic rock whose mineral grains grow and rearrange but generally without layers
extrusive describes fine-grained igneous rock that forms when magma cools quickly at or near Earth's surface
rock a mixture of minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, and/or other natural materials
foliated describes metamorphic rock whose mineral grains line up in parallel layers
rock cycle model that describes how rocks slowly change from one form to another through time
granitic describes generally light-colored, silica-rich igneous rock that is less dense than basaltic rock
sediment loose materials, like rock fragments, mineral grains, and remains of once-living things, that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity
igneous rock rock formed when magma or lava cools and hardens
sedimentary rock forms when sediments are compacted and cemented together or when minerals form from solutions
intrusive describes a type of igneous rock that generally contains large crystals and forms when magma cools slowly beneath Earth's surface
Created by: Elaine Miller
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