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Chap. Ten ~
Nervous System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Causo- | burning |
| Concusso- | violent shaking or jarring |
| Contuso- | bruising |
| Encephalo- | brain |
| Estheto- | sensation; feeling |
| Klepto- | to steal |
| Meningo- | meninges |
| Myelo- | bone marrow; spinal cord; myelin |
| Neuro- | nerve |
| Neuri- | nerve |
| Psycho- | mind |
| -esthesia | nervous sensation |
| -graphy | process of recording |
| -mania | obsessive preoccupation |
| -phobia | fear |
| -trophic | nourishment; development (condition of) |
| -tropic | turning |
| Acrophobia | irrational fear of heights. |
| Alzheimers Disease | a neurologic disease characterized by loss of mental ability severe enough to interfere with normal activities of daily living, lasting at least six months, and not present from birth |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | A chronic, progressive disease marked by gradual degeneration of the nerve cells in the central nervous system that control voluntary muscle movement. The disorder causes muscle weakness and atrophy and usually results in death |
| Anesthetic | An agent that causes loss of sensation with or without the loss of consciousness. |
| Anesthetist | A person specially trained to administer anesthetics |
| Anxiety | a. A state of uneasiness and apprehension, as about future uncertainties. |
| Autism | A pervasive developmental disorder characterized by severe deficits in social interaction and communication, by an extremely limited range of activities and interests, and often by the presence of repetitive, stereotyped behaviors |
| Bells Palsy | unilateral facial paralysis of sudden onset due to a lesion of the facial nerve, resulting in characteristic facial distortion. |
| Carotid Ultrasonography | an ultrasound-based diagnostic imaging technique to reveal structural details of the carotid arteries, so as to look for blood clots, atherosclerotic plaque buildup, and other blood flow problems |
| Causalgia | a burning pain, often with trophic skin changes, due to peripheral nerve injury. |
| Cerebal Contusion | a bruise of the brain tissue |
| Cerebral Palsy | a group of nonprogressive disorders of movement and posture caused by abnormal development of, or damage to, motor control centers of the brain. |
| Cerebrovascular Accident | an abnormal condition of the brain characterized by occlusion by an embolus, thrombus, or cerebrovascular hemorrhage or vasospasm, resulting in ischemia of the brain tissues normally perfused by the damaged vessels. |
| Cervical Radiculopathy | Cervical Radiculopathy |
| Claustrophobia | An abnormal fear of being in narrow or enclosed spaces |
| Cognition | that operation of the mind process by which we become aware of objects of thought and perception, including all aspects of perceiving, thinking, and remembering |
| Coma | unresponsiveness, in which a person exhibits no voluntary movement or behavior. |
| Concussion | a trauma-induced change in mental status with confusion and amnesia |
| Cranial Hematoma | a buildup of blood occurs between the dura mater (the tough outer membrane of the central nervous system) and the skull. |
| Delirium | a state of mental confusion that develops quickly and usually fluctuates in intensity |
| Delirium tremens | An acute, sometimes fatal episode of delirium that is usually caused by withdrawal or abstinence from alcohol following habitual excessive drinking and that is characterized by sweating, trembling, anxiety, confusion, and hallucinations. |
| Delusion | an idiosyncratic false belief that is firmly maintained in spite of incontrovertible and obvious proof or evidence to the contrary. |
| Dementia | a loss of mental ability severe enough to interfere with normal activities of daily living, lasting more than six months, not present since birth, and not associated with a loss or alteration of consciousness |
| Dura Mater | the outermost, toughest of the three meninges (membranes) of the brain and spinal cord. |
| Dyslexia | difficulty in learning to read. |
| Echoencephalography | The use of reflected ultrasound to create a detailed visual image of the brain |
| electroencephalography | Electroencephalography, or EEG, is a neurological test that uses an electronic monitoring device to measure and record electrical activity in the brain. Purpose |
| Encephalitis | an inflammation of the brain, usually caused by a direct viral infection or a hyper-sensitivity reaction to a virus or foreign protein |
| Epidural | situated upon or outside the dura mater |
| Epilepsy | any of a group of syndromes characterized by paroxysmal transient disturbances of brain function that may be manifested as episodic impairment or loss of consciousness, abnormal motor phenomena, psychic or sensory disturbances, |
| Factitious Disorder | a mental disorder characterized by repeated, intentional simulation of physical or psychological signs and symptoms of illness for no apparent purpose other than obtaining treatment |
| Guillail-Barre Syndrome | an acute, immune-mediated disorder of peripheral nerves, spinal roots, and cranial nerves, commonly presenting as a rapidly progressive, areflexive, relatively symmetric ascending weakness of the limb, truncal, respiratory, pharynge |
| Hallucination | a sense perception (sight, touch, sound, smell, or taste) that has no basis in external stimulation. |
| Hemorrhagic Stroke | An ischemic stroke in which blood enters necrotic brain tissue, which may not be accompanied by a worsening clinical status |
| Hydrocephalus | an abnormal expansion of cavities (ventricles) within the brain that is caused by the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid. |
| Hyperesthesia | increased sensitivity to stimulation, particularly to touch |
| Hypochondriasis | a mental disorder characterized by excessive fear of or preoccupation with a serious illness, despite medical testing and reassurance to the contrary. |
| Ischemic Stroke | cerebrovascular disorder caused by deprivation of blood flow to an area of the brain, generally as a result of thrombosis, embolism, or reduced blood pressure. |
| Lethargy | a lowered level of consciousness, with drowsiness, listlessness, and apathy. |
| Meningitis | a serious inflammation of the meninges, the thin, membranous covering of the brain and the spinal cord. |
| Meninggocele | hernial protrusion of the meninges through a defect in the cranium |
| Migraine Headache | a type of headache marked by severe head pain lasting several hours or more. |
| Multiple Sclerosis | a chronic autoimmune disorder affecting movement, ensation, and bodily functions. |
| Myelitis | inflammation of the spinal cord |
| Myelography | an x-ray examination of the spinal canal. |
| Narcolepsy | a disorder marked by excessive daytime sleepiness, uncontrollable sleep attacks, and cataplexy (a sudden loss of muscle tone, usually lasting up to half an hour). |
| Neurotransmitters | Chemicals within the nervous system that transmit information from or between nerve cells |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | OCD is characterized by distressing repetitive thoughts, impulses or images that are intense, frightening, absurd, or unusual |
| Panic Attack | an episode of acute intense anxiety, the essential feature of panic disorder. |
| Paresthesia | morbid or perverted sensation; an abnormal sensation, as burning, prickling, formication, etc. |
| PArkinsons Disease | a slowly progressive form of parkinsonism, usually seen late in life, marked by masklike facies, tremor of resting muscles, slowing of voluntary movements, festinating gait, peculiar posture, muscular weakness, and sometimes excessive sweating and feeling |
| Peripheral Neuropathy | a wide range of disorders in which the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord—peripheral nerves—have been damaged. |
| Posttraumatic Stress Disorder | an anxiety disorder caused by an intensely traumatic event |
| Reyes Syndrome | disorder principally affecting the liver and brain, marked by rapid development of life-threatening neurological symptoms. |
| Schizophrenia | psychotic disorder (or a group of disorders) marked by severely impaired thinking, emotions, and behaviors |
| Sciatica | pain or discomfort associated with the sciatic nerve |
| Shaken Baby Syndrome | a collective term for the internal head injuries a baby or young child sustains from being violently shaken. |
| Syncope | a faint; temporary loss of consciousness due to generalized cerebral ischemia |
| Trichotillomania | compulsive pulling out of one's hair |
| Trigeminal Neuralgia | a disorder of the trigeminal nerve (the fifth cranial nerve) that causes episodes of sharp, stabbing pain in the cheek, lips, gums, or chin on one side of the face |
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