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Genetics
The basics of Genetics
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Traits | Phiyical Characteristics |
Heredity | The passing of traits from parents to offspring |
Genetics | Scientific study of Heredity |
Pruebred | One that always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parents (homozygous) |
Genes | Factors that control traits (a portion of DNA) |
Alleles | Different forms of a gene (one for short and for tall) |
Dominate Alleles | one whoes trait always shows up in an Organism when the allele is [resent (upper case letter) |
Recessive Allele | One whose trait is masked or covered up when the dominate allele is present(lower case) |
Hybrid | An organism that has 2 different alleles for trait ; is hederozygous |
Probibility | The Chance |
Punnet Square | Chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross |
Phenotype | physical appearance or visible trait that you can see in the person |
Genotype | organism's genetic makeup or allele combination this you can't see |
Homoaygous | 2 identical, either dominate or recessive, alleles for a trait |
Heterozygous | has 2 different alleles for a trait, an upper case letter and lower case (hybrid) |
Codoninance | Alleles are neither dominate or recessive,as a result neither allele is masked (results would be a mixed fur) |
Meiosis | Process where the nuumber of chromosomes is reduced by half in order to form sex cells |
Mutation | change in chromosomes or gene |
Multiple Alleles | or more forms of a code for a single trait (for example blood type |
Sex Linked Genes | X and Y chromosomes |
Karyotype | picture of all the chromosomes arranged in pairs |
How many PAIRS of Chromosomes does the body have? | 23 |
How many Chromosomes does the body have? | 46 |
How many chromosomes does a sex cell have? | 23 individual |
Diploid | 2 complete sets of the chromosomes in the human body |
Haploid | Number of unpaired chromosomes in a sex cell |
Cloning | Off spring completely identical to the parent |
DNA | the Hereditary materials made up of chromosomes |
Cell Division | Results in 2 identical daughter cells identical to the parent cells |
Father of genetics | Gregor Mendel |