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Bus+Law
Business/Law
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Jurisprudence | The study of law and legal philosophy. |
Criminal laws | Regulate public conduct and set out duties owed to society. |
Felonies | Serious crimes such as murder or robbery. |
Misdemeanors | Less serious crimes such as simple assault or minor theft. |
Civil action | Lawsuit, Can be brought by a person who feels wronged or injured by another person. |
Defendant | Person accused of committing the crime. |
Plaintiff | Person or company harmed against the defendant. |
Prosecutor | The government's attorney in a criminal case. |
Beyond a reasonable doubt | Level of proof required to convict a person of a crime. |
Preponderance of the evidence | Standard of proof used in a civil suit; the burden of proof that a party must meet in order to win the lawsuit. To win a party must provide evidence that is more convincing than other side's evidence. |
Limited government | Basic principle of your constitutional system. |
Separation of powers | The division of power among the branches of government (executive, legislative and judicial). |
Statutes | Laws enacted by legislatures. |
Checks and balances | The power of each of the 3 branches of government (legislative, judicial, executive) to limit the other branches' power, so as to prevent an abuse. |
Veto | Refuse to approve laws passed by Congress. Power of the president. |
Judicial Review | Enables a court to cancel any law passed by congress or a state legislature that conflicts with the nation's highest law, the Constitution. |
Unconstitutional | Conflicting with some provision of the constitution. |
Conflict of interest | When a person has two or more concerns that are incompatible. |
Independent counsel | Attorney hired to be impartial. |
Bill of Rights | The first ten amendments to the Constitution, which guarantee basic individual rights to all persons in the U.S. |