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Micro-Exam2

Micro 6.1

QuestionAnswer
Name the 5 classifications of microorganisms on the basis of preferred temperature range. Psychrophiles, psychrotrophs, mesophiles, thermophiles, hyperthermophiles
What's the preferred temperature of psychrophiles? Psychrotrophs? Mesophiles? Thermophiles? Hyperthermophiles? very cold; cold; moderate; hot; very hot
What is the temperature range of psychrophiles? -10 to 20 degrees Celcius
What is the temperature range of psychrotrophs? 0 to 30 degrees Celcius
What is the temperature range of mesophiles? 10 to 50 degrees Celcius
What is the temperature range of thermophiles? 40 to 70 degrees Celcius
What is the temperature range of hyperthermophiles? 65 to 110 degrees Celcius
how does temperature effect growth rates? bacteria grow poorly at the high and low temperature extremes within their range.
What happens to bacteria above their optimum growth temperature? Why? rate of growth drops off rapidly; high temperature has inactivated necessary enzymatic systems.
What happens to microbes at low temperatures? Their microbial reproductive rates decrease
What are the toxic forms of oxygen that certain organisms have to produce enzymes to defend against? Superoxide free radicals (O2 -) and peroxide anion (O2^2-)
What enzyme is produced to combat the toxicity of superoxide free radicals? How does it do so? superoxide dismutase (SOD); breaks it down into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen. O2- + O2- + 2H+ > H2O2 + O2
What is the most common enzyme produced to combat the toxicity of the peroxide anion found in hydrogen peroxide? How does it do so? catalase; breaks it down to water and oxygen. 2H2O2 > 2H2O + O2
What is another enzyme that breaks down the peroxide anion found in hydrogen peroxide? How does it differ from the enzyme catalase? Peroxidase. No oxygen is produced from its reaction. H2O2 + 2H+ > 2H20
Which organism produces catalase and superoxide dismutase? Aerobe
Created by: 100001455498513
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