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chapter 4 studyguide

sociology of physical anthropology chapter 4 study guide

QuestionAnswer
selective breeding a practice whereby animal or plant breeders choose which individual animals or plants will be allowed to mate based on the traits they hope to produce
hybrids offspring of parents who differ from each other with regard to certain traits or certain aspects of genetic makeup; heterozygotes
principle of segregation genes occur in pairs. during gamete formation, the members of each pair of alleles separate, so that each gamete contains one member of each pair.
recessive describing a trait that isn't expressed in heterozygotes; also refers to the allele that governs the trait. for a recessive allele to be expressed, an individual must have two copies of it
dominant in genetics, describing a trait governed by an allele that's expressed in the presence of another allele . dominant alleles prevent the expression of recessive alleles in heterozygotes
locus the position on a chromosome where a given gene occurs
alleles alternate forms of a gene. alleles occur at the same locus on both members of a pair of chromozomes, and they influence the same trait. but because they're slightly different from one another, their action may result in different expressions of that trait
alleles continued the term allele is sometimes used synonymously with gene.
homozygous having the same allele at the same locus on both members of a pair of chromosomes.
heterozygous having different alleles at the same locus on members of a pair of chromosomes.
genotype the genetic makeup of an individual. can refere to an organism's entire genetic makeup or to the allele's at a particular locus.
Created by: hgrady
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