| Question |
Answer |
| Joule | Unit of work |
| Energy | The ability to do work |
| Transfer of Energy | The object that has been worked on gains energy |
| Power | Energy Transfered divided by time |
| What are the 2 kinds of energy? | Kinetic and Potential |
| What is kinetic energy? | Energy of movement. |
| Factors of kinetic energy? | Mass and velocity |
| Kinetic energy increases as | velocity increases. |
| Formula for Kinetic Energy? | 1/2 Mass x Velocity squared |
| Doubling an object's velocity | will quadruple its kinetic energy. |
| Potential Energy | Energy that is stored due to shape or position of the object |
| Elastic Potential Energy | Energy that can be stretched or compressed |
| Gravitational Potential Energy | Potential energy that depends on height |
| Gravitational Potential Energy Formula | Weight times height |
| The greater the height of an object | the greater the gravitational potential energy the object has |
| Mechanical Energy | Energy associated with the position and motion of an object |
| Mechanical Energy Formula | Potential energy + Kinetic Energy |
| Thermal Energy | the total potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object |
| Electrical Energy | the energy of electrical charges |
| chemical energy | the potential energy stored in chemical bonds |
| nuclear energy | the potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom |
| electromagnetic energy | the energy of light and other forms of radiation |
| What 2 forms are associated with mechanical energy? | potential and kinetic |
| What SI unit is used to measure mechanical energy? | joules |
| When the particles of an object move faster | its thermal energy increases |
| Shock from a doorknob | Electrical Energy |
| Chemical Energy in foods | is energy stored in the bonds that hold the chemical compounds together |
| Example of Mechanical Energy | Football pass thrown by a quarterback |
| Example of Thermal Energy | Lava flowing from a volcano,hot choclate,sun ,food in thermos |
| Example of Electrical Energy | lightning,electric blanket,batteries,appliances. |
| Example of Chemical Energy | unlit match,lightbulb,lighterfluid, food |
| Example of Nuclear Energy | nuclear fusion,atom bomb,fission |
| Energy Transformation | A change from one form of energy to another |
| Most forms of energy | can be transformed into other forms. |
| what is the most common energy transformation? | potential to kinetic |
| The law of conservation of energy | states that energy can't be created or destroyed |
| Friction transforms | mechanical energy to thermal energy |
| Examples of fossil fuels | coal,petroleum,natural gas |
| Describe how chemical energy changes to mechanical energy in your body. | Chemical energy in the food transforms into mechanical energy to move your muscles. It also transforms thermal energy that your body will use to maintain temperature. |
| Describe what happens when you throw an orange into the air. | As the orange goes up it is gaining kinetic energy. At the highest point it looses all its potential energy and begins gaining kinetic energy. As it falls down it loses its kinetic energy and becomes gravitational potential energy. |
| A pendulum has maximum potential energy | at the highest point of each arch. It has the least potential energy in the middle of the arch. |
| A pendulum has maximum kinetic energy | At the middle of the arch. |
| No machine is 100% efficient because | mechanical energy is transformed to thermal energy to friction. |
| Albert Einstein's theory | states that matter can be trasfomed into energy, by destroying matter energy is released. |
| Matter | anything that takes up space and has mass. |
| Fuel | material that contains stored potential energy |
| Energy in fossil fuels comes from | the sun. The sun transforms nuclear energy to electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic is stored in plants and animals as chemical energy. Their remains become coal, oil and natural gas which have stored chemical energy. |
| What energy transformation takes place in the sun? | Nuclear energy is transformed to electromagnetic energy. |
| What energy transformation takes place during photosynthesis? | Electromagnetic energy is changed to chemical energy. |
| How is the potential energy of fossil fuels released? | Energy is released by being burned. |
| Combustion | process of burning fossil fuels. The chemical energy is trasformed to thermal energy. |
| In a modern coal-fired electric plant | mechanical energy of turbines is transformed to electrical energy by electric energy |
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